Blue Stocking Society
18th-century English informal women's intellectual society fostering conversation and learning.
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Philosophies
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Narrative
The Blue Stockings Society was an informal intellectual and social circle in 18th-century England, primarily known for fostering serious conversation and learning among women and men. It emerged as a counter-culture to the prevailing social norms where women's gatherings often revolved around card games and gossip. The society provided a unique environment where intellectual discourse was prioritized, allowing women to engage with scholarly topics, literature, and philosophy, which was uncommon for their gender at the time. This inclusive approach to intellectual engagement, transcending typical gender boundaries of the era, cultivated a collective genius by expanding access to knowledge and stimulating critical thought among its diverse members.
Key People
Leading Hostesses
- Elizabeth Montagu
- Elizabeth Vesey (Mrs. Vesey)
- Frances Boscawen (Mrs. Boscawen)
- Mary Delany
Prominent Members (Women) - Catherine Talbot (later Mrs. Catherine Talbot Pendarves)
- Hester Chapone
- Elizabeth Carter
- Hannah More
- Sarah Scott
- Anna Laetitia Barbauld
Prominent Members (Men) - Benjamin Stillingfleet
- Samuel Johnson
- Horace Walpole
- David Garrick
- James Beattie
Breakthroughs
- Promotion of Women's Intellectualism: Created a social space where women could actively participate in and lead intellectual discussions, challenging societal conventions that limited women's roles to domesticity and frivolous pursuits.
- Literary Patronage and Criticism: Hostesses like Elizabeth Montagu were significant patrons of literature and hosted prominent literary figures, influencing the intellectual landscape of their time.
- Translation of Epictetus by Elizabeth Carter: A significant scholarly achievement by a female member, demonstrating intellectual rigor and contributing to classical scholarship.
- Development of the English Salon: The society helped popularize and refine the concept of intellectual salons in England, focusing on conversation and learning over gambling or social climbing.
Related Entities
Influenced By
- French Salons: Adopted and adapted the concept of intellectual gatherings, but with a distinct English character, focusing on learning and conversation.
Influenced - Later Feminist Movements: Paved the way for greater recognition of women's intellectual capabilities and their right to participate in public intellectual life.
- Literary and Intellectual Circles of the 18th and 19th Centuries: Set a precedent for informal gatherings dedicated to serious discussion and the exchange of ideas.